Jal Jeevan Mission aims to provide tap water to every rural household, with integrated water conservation and management.
Tap Connections Delivered
14.5 Cr
Target Households
19.4 Cr
Mission Budget
₹3.6L Cr
Completion Target
2028
India faces acute water stress — per capita annual water availability has fallen from 5,177 m³ in 1951 to 1,486 m³ in 2023. Groundwater depletion is severe in Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan (73% of wells show decline). Inter-state water disputes (Cauvery, Krishna, Godavari) remain unresolved. 80% of rural households lacked piped water before JJM. Water quality issues (arsenic, fluoride) affect 1.4 Cr rural habitations.
Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) launched in 2019 with ₹3.6 lakh Cr. 14.5 Cr rural tap connections provided (74% coverage). Focus on arsenic and fluoride-affected states. Jal Shakti Abhiyan for water conservation. Atal Bhujal Yojana (₹6,000 Cr) for groundwater management. Namami Gange for river rejuvenation. National Water Mission targets 20% improvement in water use efficiency.
Households can register for tap connections through the JJM dashboard. Villages can form Water User Committees for local O&M. Rainwater harvesting is mandatory in 18 states — citizens can install rooftop systems. Using the "Jal" app to report leaks and water quality issues. Farmers can adopt micro-irrigation under PM-KUSUM.
₹3.6 lakh Cr total JJM outlay (Centre: ₹2.08L Cr, State: ₹1.52L Cr). PM-KUSUM for solar pumps: ₹34,422 Cr. Atal Bhujal Yojana: ₹6,000 Cr. National River Conservation Plan: ₹13,800 Cr. State-level additional budgets: ₹50,000+ Cr.
Israel recycles 86% of wastewater and uses drip irrigation for 75% of agriculture. Singapore's NEWater meets 40% of demand. Australia's Murray-Darling Basin Plan uses water markets for efficient allocation. India's water productivity ($3.5/m³) is 5x lower than Israel ($19/m³). JJM's scale — 19 Cr households — is unprecedented globally.
India targets 100 GW nuclear capacity by 2047 through the Nuclear Energy Mission, but faces challenges in land acquisition, fuel supply, and public acceptance.
India's National Green Hydrogen Mission aims to make the country a global hub for green hydrogen production and export.
NEP 2020 proposes sweeping reforms from school to higher education, but implementation faces structural and fiscal challenges.
The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) and other interventions aim to combat Delhi's severe air pollution, but seasonal spikes persist.